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G. H. CANDLER 8v J. WHITEHEAD.

STEAM GENERATOR AND FURNACE. No. 268,478. Patented Aug. 29, 1882-.

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CLAUDE H. CANDLER AND JAMES WHITEHEAD, CF DETROIT, MICHIGAN,

ASSIGNORS OF ONE-THIRD TO THOMAS CALVERT AND CHARLES B. CAL- VERT, OF SAME PLACE.

STEAM-GENERATOR AND FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 263,478, dated August 29, 1882,

Application filed June 14, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Beit known that we, CLAUDE H. CANDLER and JAMES WHITEHEAD, of Detroit, in the county of WVayne and State of Michigan, have invented new and useful Improvements in Steam-Generators and Furnaces; and we do hereby declare thatthe following isa full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,which form a part of this specification.

The nature of this invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in steamgenerators, by means of which a more perfect control of the fire in the furnace is obtained,

1 5 a great saving in fuel is attained, and a better combustion of the gases or products of an imperfect combustion is secured.

The invention consists in the peculiar arrangement and operation of parts, and in their peculiar construction, as more fully hereinafterdesoribed. Theinventionis particularlydesigned to be an improvement upon the steamgenerator furnace for which Letters Patent were issued to us on the 23d day of May, 1882,

25 and numbered 258,371.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical central section, showing the arrangement of the parts. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section on the line w w in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a diagram pergo speetive of the dampers provided with a modified arrangement for operating the same. Fig. 4. is a vertical cross-section of one of the dampers, both dampers being of the same construction.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, A represents a horizontal flue boiler, B the furnace, and C the grate-bars, all of the usual construction, except as hereinafter specified.

4o 1) is the heater, which is described in our aforesaid Letters Patent; but as it is somewhat differently connected we again describe it. It is arectangular box, which sets upon the center of the grate or in the center of the furnace, so as to divide the latter into two equal and disconnected chambers above the grate, and with no communication between the two, except through the fines E, which pass laterally through the box. The rear end of this division-box adjoins the usual bridge-wall with which the furnace is provided, while the front comes out to the furnace-front, such box being designed to extend the whole length of the grate-bars, and to fill the central space in v the furnace from the grate to the bottom of the boiler, so as entirely to prevent any communication between the two chambers of the furnace except through the flues in the box, the ends of such flues opening into the chambers, as shown. The openings F G, between the top of the bridge-wall and the circumfer-- ence of the boiler, are providedwith dampers H and I. These dampers are of the proper shape and size to entirely close the openings; but they are so arranged that but one of said 6 openings can be closed atthe same time. These dampers are made with two walls connected together at sides and top, but unconnected at bottom, so that air may enter from the bottom. The rear wall is imperforated, while the front wall is perforated to allow the air entering at the bottom to pass out into the furnace-chambers, and by these means a circulation of air is kept up in tile dampers, which prevents their being destroyed by the intense heat in the furnace, which would soon burn them out were no such provision made for an air circulation. These dampers have a vertically-reciprocating movement in slides J, suitably secured in the walls of the furnace, and at their lowerends these dampers are secured to the pitmen K L, one being secured to each pitm an. The opposite ends of these pitmen are connected, one

of each of the pitmen to the ends of the lever M, which is centrally secured to a rock-shaft, N, which is journaled at one end in the bridgewall, or near the same, while the opposite end is journaled in the furnace-front near the bottom of the ash-pit. The end of this rock-shaft projects through said front, and has secured to it a lever or crank, O, by means of which the fireman may operate the rock-shaft, and thereby and through the intermediate connections alternately change the position of the dampers, closing or disclosing alternately the openings F G at will.

The heaterD is connected with the boiler by means of the pipe Q, which affords communication between the bottom of the boiler and the bottom of the heater, and by the pipe 1 which leads from the top of the heater into the extreme bottom of the boiler,and the pipe Q, which leads from the top of the heaterinto the boilerjustabovc the fines therein below the low-water line, passing through the smokejacket R, which lies between the front end of the boiler and the furnace-front. The pipe Q takes the water from the boiler in the rear of the bridge-wall, where such water is the coolest, and conducts it to the bottom of the heater, where it is exposed to the heat of the fire on each side of said heater and to the products of combustion passing through the fines therein and becomes highly heated, and escaping thence into the boiler through the pipes P and Q, which completes the necessary conditions requisite to produce a perfect and rapid circulation of the water.

It is not an absolute necessity that the heater should entirely out off communication between the two chambers of the furnace, except that obtained through the flues in the heater, as there may be a small space left between the top of the heater and the bottom of the boiler; but it is necessary for the perfect working of our device that the communication should be entirely out off from the grates to a point very near the bottom of the boiler.

After the fires are started and need replenishing with fuel, this should be supplied to the furnaces alternately. The damper in the chamber being fed should be closed, so that the smoke and other products of combustion thrown off freely when the fuel is first fed can only find an exit through the flues in the heater into the other chamber, where, being heated in such passage and brought into contact with the ignited gases in that chamber, such products of combustion are consumed, or, mingling with the gases, are carried with them into the chamber in rear of the bridge-wall and are there consumed. By this construction, arrangement, and operation of parts the fuel is utilized toils fullest extent, for a greater quantity of water can be evaporated with a less amount of fuel than can possibly be done with any of the known constructions for generating steam.

\Ve are aware that there are very many constructions of steam-generators and furnaces designed to consume the smoke, save fuel, and evaporate water at the least possible expense, and we do not broadly claim a device for that purpose; nor do we claim any of the devices heretofore patented or known, such being imperfect in some particulars to perform the service required of them, while we, by a long series of experiments, have succeeded in producin g the most satisfactory results.

In some constructions it will be found necessary to have the heater fill the space centrally between the bottom of the boiler and the top of the grates, while in other construct-ions it will be found beneficial to leave a small space between the two parts named. Hence the heater may be used in either position and come within the true meaning of our application.

It will be noticed that we rely entirely on mechanical appliances to produce the required result, while most of the so called smoke-consumers rely on the use of steamjets to decompose the smoke before it is consumed.

Above we have described the leverM as being centrally secured to the end of rock-shaft N, the latter being operated bya crank, O. This construction does not permit of one damper being operated independent of the other, and, as the crank-lever 0 blocks up that furnace-door to which the fireman has to gain access (see Fig. 2) in the alternate firing of the two fur nace-compartments, the fireman is obliged to attend at all times and without confusion to the proper working of the device. When fire is first started the crank O is put in a vertical position; but in this position both dampers are only partially opened, and in cases where sawdust or shavings are burned would not give sufficient draft. We obviate this defeet by making the lever in two parts, M M, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, and attach each to an independent rock-shaft, N N, and crank lever. 0. One of the rock-shafts, N, we make hollow to allow the other one to pass through it. This construction will allow of opening both dampers the full height of the openings F G, and by connecting the two crank-levers by a pin, P, the dampers can be operated afterward, as specified.

What we claim as ourinvention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. In a steam-generator furnace, and in combination with such generator-furnace and with the boiler, the heater D, provided with flues through the same and connected with said boiler by the pipes Q, P, and Q, the former communicating with the boiler in rear of the bridge wall, while the latter communicates with the boiler above the flues and passes through the smoke-jacket, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. In a steam-generator furnace, the dampers H I, constructed as described, hollow, open on one side only, and with a front perforated wall, and adapted to close the openings between the boiler and the bridge-wall, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. In a steam-generator furnace, and in combination with a locking device, 1, two cranklevers, O, adapted to operate the dampers II I reversibly or independently of each other, substantially in the manner described.

4. In a steam-generator furnace, the combination, with the heater D thereof, of the ver tically-sliding dampers H I, the shaft N, lever M, and rod L, connected with the damper I,

the hollow shaft N, lever M, and the rod L, dampers is entirely opened or closed, substaneonnected to the damper H, and the operatingtially as described.

handles 0 O, substantially as described. CLAUDE H. OANDLER.

5. In a steam-generator furnace, the combihi 5 nation, with the alternately opening and clos- JAMES X WHITEHEAD.

ing dampers H I, of the crank-lever O for opmarkerating said dampers, said lever being ar- Witnesses: ranged in front of the furnace-doors, whereby H. S. SPRAGUE, it will block one of the doors and prevent the E. SOULLY.

[0 same from being opened when either of the 

